今日のボヤキ 2/17
岸田文雄首相は15日の衆院予算委員会で、日本の子育て政策を含む家族関係社会支出が、2020年度に国内総生産（GDP）比2％になっていると指摘した上で「それをさらに倍増しようと言っている」と述べた。首相は子ども関連予算の倍増を掲げている。これまで何を基準に倍増するのかを明示していなかった。
国立社会保障・人口問題研究所のデータによると、20年度の家族関係社会支出は10兆円程度でGDP比2.01％となっている。
首相は「中身に応じて予算を考えていかなければならない」と述べた。具体的に増やす金額に関しては明言しなかった。
https://nordot.app/998471313998331904?c=113147194022725109
現状としては、経済協力開発機構（OECD）の調査によると、各国の子ども・子育て支援に対する公的支出（17年）は、日本がGDP比で1.79％と、OECD平均の2.34％を下回る。政策対応で出生率を引き上げたフランス（3.6％）と比べると半分の水準だ。支出比率が高い国は出生率も高い。
こども家庭庁の子育て支援について話す東京大大学院経済学研究科の山口慎太郎教授によると、こども家庭庁の設置で安定財源の確保が期待されるが、注視すべきはその使い方だという。子ども関連支出は主に、児童手当などの「現金給付」と保育・幼児教育などの「現物給付」で構成される。いずれも出生率を引き上げる効果はあるが、保育所整備や幼児教育の充実といった現物給付のほうがより有効との研究結果がある。
山口教授は「現金給付を増やせば経済的余裕は持てるが、必ずしも子どもを増やす方向ではなく、１人あたりの教育投資を重視する方向に向く傾向もある」と指摘。幼児教育をより良くするなど「子育て環境の充実に振り向けた方がいい」と話す。
防衛費やその他税を国民からの理解を得て集めたいという発言もあったが、実際のところ税金の使い道が不明確であり、このような記事が出たから安心というわけにもいかないだろう。
国民は何を必要として、将来を見据えて何が必要なのかを明らかにして計画的に進めていく必要があるだろう。
English edition
Today's Blurbs 2/17
Prime Minister Fumio Kishida noted at a Lower House Budget Committee meeting on February 15 that Japan's family-related social spending, including child-rearing policies, was at 2% of gross domestic product (GDP) in FY2020, and said, "I am talking about doubling that even more. The Prime Minister has stated that he will double the child-related budget. So far, he has not specified on what basis he will double the amount.
According to data from the National Institute of Population and Social Security Research, family-related social spending in FY20 was around 10 trillion yen, or 2.01% of GDP.
The prime minister said, "We must consider the budget according to the content. He did not specify as to the specific amount of money to be increased.
https://nordot.app/998471313998331904?c=113147194022725109
As for the current situation, according to a survey by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), public spending on child and child-rearing support in each country (2005) is 1.79% of GDP in Japan, lower than the OECD average of 2.34%. This is half the level of France (3.6%), which has raised its fertility rate through policy measures. Countries with high expenditure ratios also have high fertility rates.
According to Shintaro Yamaguchi, a professor at the University of Tokyo's Graduate School of Economics, the establishment of the Child and Family Agency is expected to secure stable financial resources, but what should be watched closely is how these resources are used. Child-related expenditures consist mainly of "cash benefits" such as child allowances and "in-kind benefits" such as childcare and early childhood education. While both have the effect of raising the fertility rate, research has shown that in-kind benefits, such as the improvement of daycare centers and early childhood education, are more effective.
Professor Yamaguchi pointed out, "Increasing cash transfers can provide economic leeway, but it does not necessarily lead to an increase in the number of children, and there is a tendency to emphasize investment in education per child. It is better to "redirect the money to improving the child-rearing environment," including better early childhood education, he said.
There was also a statement that he would like to collect defense spending and other taxes with the public's understanding, but the actual use of taxpayer funds is unclear, and the public may not be reassured by the publication of such an article.
The public will need to clarify what they need and what is needed for the future and to proceed in a planned manner.
